Which of the following is not a typical risk factor for zinc deficiency?

• A. Inadequate intake
• B. Malabsorption
• C. Increased needs during pregnancy or growth
• D. Overconsumption of zinc supplements

Answer: (D)

Zinc deficiency tends to arise when intake is too low, absorption is impaired, or the body's needs are higher than usual. Inadequate dietary intake reduces the zinc available for essential enzymes and immune function. Malabsorption from intestinal disorders lowers zinc uptake. During periods of rapid growth or pregnancy, zinc requirements rise, increasing the risk if the diet doesn’t supply enough. Overconsumption of zinc supplements, in contrast, does not increase the risk of deficiency; it can cause toxicity and disrupt the balance of other minerals like copper and iron. So excessive zinc intake is not a typical risk factor for shortage.